考研专业真题试题的来源大都出自于各高校推荐的参考书目，因此同学们一定要把招生单位推荐的参考书目复习透彻。当然也有些高校不会列出参考书目清单，这种情况下建议考生以真题为主，多咨询下之前考过的同学。新祥旭考研指导整理高校考研真题，希望能帮助到大家!
I. Phrase Translation
(一)英译汉(15分)
air quality monitoring
paralympic games
EU
supreme court
1. e-commerce
3. european union
4. trade deficit
9. unconventional weapons
10. The Caribbean
12. The Wall Street Journal
13. International Atomic Energy Agency
14. MIT
15. IMF
(二)英译汉(15分)
医保卡
法人代表
第三产业
市场调查
生态平衡
免税商品
可再生资源
社区卫生服务中心
国务卿
新闻周刊
世界银行
欧洲联盟
国际足联
世界卫生组织
全球定位系统
II. Passage translation
Source Text 1:
Any science may be likened to a river,” says a Johns Hopkins biologist, Professor Carl P. Swanson. “It has its obscure and unpretentious beginning;; its quiet stretches as well as its rapids; its periods of drought as well as of fullness. It gathers momentum with the work of many investinagators and as it is fed by other streams of thought; it is deepened and broadened by the concepts and generalizaations that are gradually evolved.” So it is with the science of biological control in its modern sense. In america it had its obscure beginnings a century ago with the first attempts to introduce natural enemies of insects that were proving troublesome to farmers, an effort that sometimes moved slowly or not at all, but now and again gathered speed and momentum under the impetus of an outstanding success. It had its period of drought when workers in applied entomology, dazzled by the spectacular new insecticides of the 1970’s, turned their backs on all biological methods and set foot on “the treadmill of chemical control.” But the goal of an insect-free world continued to recede. Now at last, as it has become apparent that the heedless and unrestrained use of chemicals is a greater menace to ourselves than to the targets, the river which is the science of biotic control flow again, fed by new streams of thought.
参考译文：霍普金斯大学生物学家卡尔·P·斯旺森教授说： “每一门科学都可以比做一条河。其 源头，隐隐约约，并不引人注目;其流势，时而平缓，时而湍急;其水情，有汛期，也有枯 竭期。由于许多人从事研究工作，各种思想像支流一样注入其中，势头逐渐加强。新的概念 和结论陆续产生，又使它得以加深和展宽。 ” 现代的生物控制学就是如此。一百年前，这门科学在美国开始创立时也是隐隐约约的。 当时有些昆虫给农民找麻烦， 有人就试图以这些昆虫的天敌来对付。 这项活动有时进展缓慢， 甚至毫无进展，但有时一项突出的成就又推动它加快速度，使它突飞猛进。这门科学也有过 枯竭期。在二十世纪四十年代，从事应用昆虫学的人看到新杀虫剂的显著效用，不禁为之眼 花缭乱，便对生物方法冷眼相看，重新走上“化学控制的老路” 。然而实现无昆虫的世界这 一目标却越来越渺茫。现在已经很明显，盲目地大量使用化学杀虫剂，对我们自己的威胁比 对要控制的对象的威胁还要大， 于是生物控制学这一条河又流动起来， 而且有新的思想支流 注入其中。
Source Text 2:
由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称易滋生误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里做学问也只能算是处涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还是在继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确实有浓厚的趣味。
译文：Primary and secondary school will impart to you only some rudiments of knowledge. Even what you learn during the four years of university will be sth quite superficial too. A university has often been misleadingly referred to as “the highest seat of learning”, which sounds as if there were no more learning to speak of beyond it. The research institute of a university, however, is the place for preliminary scholarship. But even there you get only the first taste of learning and the emphasis is on research methodology and practice. Art is long, life is short. That is why some of our ancients continued to study even when they were hoary-headed. They were, of course, motivated by an enormous interest in their studies.
