一、词语互译（每小题2分，共40分）

说明：本部分共20个词语，汉语和英语各10 个，或选自国内外时事新闻，或选自翻译理论术语。请将汉语词语翻译为英语，英语词语翻译为汉语。

1. 人民的获得感                                  2. 中美贸易摩擦

3. 共享经济                                   4. 中国人民政治协商会议

5. 春运                                    6. 网络购物

7. 信息社会                                   8. 人口密度

9. 外向型经济                               10. 电子商务

11. domestication                                  12. translation quality

13. communicative translation               14. target language

15. source text                                 16. change of part of speech

17. intralingual translation                    18. consecutive interpreting

19. dynamic equivalence                20. the cognitive process of translation

二、英汉篇章翻译（70分）

   Have you ever been a flower girl, a bridesmaid, or caught the bouquet at a friend’s wedding? All of these customs are expected at modern weddings, but these wedding traditions actually date back to ancient times. In fact, different cultures have created their own wedding customs. Many of these customs have stood the test of time and have evolved into the wedding traditions we are familiar with today. 

      1. Wedding veil  This wedding tradition dates back to the origin of arranged marriages. Traditionally, the groom’s family would not allow him to see his bride until the wedding. This is because if he didn’t like her looks, there was a chance that he might not agree to marry her. Therefore, the veil was used to conceal the bride’s appearance up until the very moment in which they were to be married.

      2. Wedding cake  Since cakes represent fertility, Ancient Romans would bake wheat cakes and break them over the bride’s head. Soon it became customary to stack these wheat cakes one on top of another, as tall as they could go. The bride and groom were challenged to kiss over the tower without knocking it over. If successful, they’d enjoy a lifetime of good fortune as a couple.

      3. Groomsmen  The tradition of having groomsmen as part of the wedding, comes from the ancient tradition of kidnapping the bride. Before a couple could get married, a man had to employ his fellow friends or warrior companions to help him fight off other warriors and prevent the bridge’s family from finding the couple. The groom’s main warrior companions would be the equivalent of the “best man” at a wedding.

三、汉英篇章翻译（40分）

      世界历史发展告诉我们，人类文明进步历程从来没有平坦的大道可走，人类就是在同困难的斗争中前进的。再大的困难，都不可能阻挡人类前行的步伐。遇到了困难，不要埋怨自己，不要指责他人，不要放弃信心，不要逃避责任，而是要一起来战胜困难。历史是勇敢者创造的。