一、营养生理（75分）

1．请讨论水产动物吸收的氨基酸分配模式。（10分）

2．抗氧化剂作用的机理如何？写出三种常用的抗氧化剂。（15分）

3．配合饲料配方设计的原则是什么？（10分）

4．动物性蛋白饲料营养成分的特点如何？（15分）

5．鱼虾类利用糖类的能力低，其原因何在？（10分）

6．翻译（15分）

Lipid is one of the important nutrients for mollusks, especially at larval and juvenile stages, have also been demonstrated (Delaunay et al., 1991; Marty et al., 1992; Robinson, 1992; Mai et al., 1995). Lipid provides the source of energy, essential fatty acids (EFA) and other lipid classes like phospholipids and sterols and fat-soluble vitamins (Watanabe, 1982). Knowledge of the protein sparing effects of non-protein nutrients such as lipids or carbohydrates are necessary and should be used to reduce feed costs and limit ammonia production (Vergara et al., 1999). Meanwhile, excessive energy in diets can lead to decrease feed consumption (especially protein and other nutrients intake) and reduced growth (Ellis and Reich, 1991). Lipid in mollusk larvae have been used as an index for monitoring their physiological and nutritional status, and potential for successful metamorphosis (Gallager et al., 1986). However, information on the quantitative requirement of dietary lipid and its utilization in mollusk is mainly focus on the abalone. The optimal dietary lipid level of mollusk species, such as Haliotis discus hannai （皱纹盘鲍） (Uki et al., 1985; Mai et al., 1995), Haliotis tuberculata (L) （欧洲疣鲍）(Mai et al., 1995) had been demonstrated.

二、动物繁殖学（75分）

（一）名词解析（4题，每题5分，共20分）

1.鱼苗

2.稚鱼

3.生殖力

4.催产率

（二）简答题（2题，每题15分，共30分）

1.简述深水抗风浪网箱的养殖技术。

2.试举例说明海产腹足类的生活史。

（三）论述题（25分）

试述南美白对虾的养成技术。